CALTRIM (solution for injection)

Solution from colourless to light-yellow, practically odourless.

Each 1 ml of the product contains active substances (mg):

- calcium gluconate monohydrate – 328,2

- calcium glycerophosphate – 81,3

- magnesium chloride hexahydrate – 41,8

Excipients: boric acid, sodium citrate, water for injections.

ATC-vet classification code: QA12CX99 Other mineral preparations, combinations.

Calcium takes an active part in bone tissue formation as a component of hydroxyapatite crystals. Inadequate intake of calcium and phosphorus leads to softening of bones and impaired growth; rickets develops in young animals and osteodystrophy in adult animals. Calcium is necessary to maintain nervous system function: calcium ions stimulate the release of acetylcholine and its binding to cholinergic receptors, and promote interaction between actin and myosin, i.e. contraction of muscle fibres. In smooth muscle cells, myocardium and in the cardiac conduction system calcium ions are directly involved in the generation of nerve impulses, normalise myocardial tone and enhance cardiac contractions. Calcium participates in blood coagulation by stimulating the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and fibrinogen to fibrin, and in the transport function of cell membranes. By reducing capillary wall permeability, it exerts anti‑inflammatory, anti‑exudative, antiallergic and antisensitising effects and restores the balance between mono‑ and divalent cations.

Phosphorus is one of the structural elements of the body. All synthetic processes that ensure animal growth and productivity occur with the participation of orthophosphoric acid compounds. Phosphorus is part of the structure of nucleic acids, which are carriers of genetic information and regulate protein biosynthesis and immunity. Phosphorus is necessary for phosphorylation and oxidation of important substrates in metabolic processes. High‑energy phosphorus compounds, among which ATP occupies a central place, are universal accumulators and donors of energy.

Magnesium is necessary for bone tissue formation; it is a component of hydroxyapatite crystals, which increases the strength of bones and teeth. Magnesium affects the functions of the central nervous system: by accelerating the breakdown of acetylcholine, it inhibits excitability of nerve endings. Together with calcium, it participates in muscle contraction. Magnesium, like potassium, is the main cation of the intracellular environment. In cells it activates enzymes of the Krebs cycle and nucleic acids.

Calcium is absorbed mainly from the small intestine by active transport and diffusion. About 30% of the ingested calcium is absorbed, depending on the feed, vitamin D concentration in blood serum and conditions in the small intestine. After resorption calcium ions pass into the extracellular fluid and are rapidly distributed in bones and teeth. About 98% of all calcium in the animal body is deposited in bones as inorganic salts. In blood plasma, 45% of calcium is in the ionised form, 50% is bound to proteins and 5% is in the form of insoluble calcium salts. Calcium concentration in blood is higher than in cells. Calcium crosses the placenta and is excreted in milk. It is excreted in urine, although about 90% is reabsorbed in the kidneys, and it is also excreted in faeces.

Phosphorus is absorbed from the proximal small intestine mainly in the form of inorganic phosphates by active transport. Reabsorption of phosphorus depends on calcium reabsorption. Almost 80% of phosphorus in the body is found in bones, and the remainder is distributed throughout the body in a bound form with proteins such as nucleoproteins, phospholipids, phosphates, nucleotide triphosphates and others. Phosphorus is excreted in faeces and urine in the form of primary and secondary phosphates.

One third of ingested magnesium is resorbed from the proximal part of the small intestine. Approximately 70% of magnesium is deposited in bones. Most of the remainder is present as an intracellular ion in muscle tissue, and only 1% is in the extracellular fluid. In blood plasma it is in the ionised state or bound to phosphates, citrates and other anions, or to plasma proteins. It is excreted in urine, and a smaller part also in saliva and milk.

Treatment of cattle and pigs suffering from postpartum hypocalcaemia and hypophosphataemia, postpartum paresis, grass tetany, rickets, osteodystrophy, allergies of various aetiology, haemorrhagic diathesis, post‑haemorrhagic anaemia, postpartum haemoglobinuria and myoglobinuria.

The product is used as adjunctive therapy in cases of poisoning (including intoxication with lead, flour, oxalic acid, etc.) and in infectious diseases (enterotoxaemia, salmonellosis, etc.).

For the prevention of postpartum hypocalcaemia and hypophosphataemia 12–24 hours before parturition and during the first one to two days after parturition.

The product is administered intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously at the following doses:

If necessary, the dose of the product may be repeated after 24 hours.

The product is administered slowly, after it has been warmed to a temperature of 35–37 °C.

In the same subcutaneous injection site in large animals no more than 50 ml of the product may be administered, and no more than 25 ml intramuscularly.

In pigs, no more than 15 ml may be administered intramuscularly in the same injection site.

Intravenous injections should be administered slowly to avoid arrhythmia and cardiac block.

With intramuscular or subcutaneous administration this risk is much lower.

Do not use in animals with hypercalcaemia, severe renal impairment, excessive nervous excitability, ventricular fibrillation or hypersensitivity to any component of the product.

Do not use concomitantly with digitalis (foxglove) preparations.

Local irritation of tissues at the injection site may occur.

Tachycardia or bradycardia, arrhythmias, excitement, dyspnoea, convulsions and collapse may occur in very rare cases.

The product is administered slowly, after it has been warmed to a temperature of 35–37 °C.

Use with special caution in animals with cardiac or renal disease.

Intravenous injections should be administered slowly to avoid arrhythmia and cardiac block.

With intramuscular or subcutaneous administration this risk is much lower.

Do not use concomitantly with digitalis (foxglove) preparations, as this may cause cardiac dysfunction or cardiac block.

The product reduces the therapeutic effect of tetracycline antibiotics.

Do not use concomitantly with cardiac glycosides, as this may cause arrhythmias.

Vials of neutral glass type NS‑1, NS‑2, USP‑1, closed with rubber stoppers under aluminium caps, volumes of 10, 20, 50, 100 and 200 ml, packed 1 vial per carton box.

Store in a dry, dark place out of the reach of children, at a temperature between 5 °C and 25 °C.

2 years.

Shelf life after first opening of the vial is 28 days, under aseptic withdrawal conditions and further storage of the vial at a temperature between 10 °C and 15 °C.