04
October
Diseases of the Urogenital System in Cats: A Modern Approach to Therapy
Lower urinary tract diseases (LUTD) of bacterial origin are less common in cats than in dogs. The main clinical signs include stranguria, hematuria, pollakiuria, and dysuria. At higher risk are middle-aged and older cats, often with underlying systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, or chronic kidney disease.
Younger cats (typically under 5 years of age) more often suffer from idiopathic (sterile) cystitis, which in 90% of cases is triggered by stress factors. Bacterial LUTD in young adult cats is usually secondary, occurring after catheterization, surgical procedures (e.g., perineal urethrostomy), or, more rarely, congenital anatomical defects.
According to numerous global studies using cystocentesis urine samples, the most common infectious agent is Escherichia coli (E. coli).
Other potential uropathogens in cats include:
- Streptococcus spp.
- Staphylococcus spp.
- Enterococcus spp.
- Klebsiella spp.
- Pasteurella spp.
- Enterobacter spp.
- Staphylococcus spp.
- Enterococcus spp.
- Klebsiella spp.
- Pasteurella spp.
- Enterobacter spp.
- First-Line Therapy
For sporadic bacterial cystitis episodes, before receiving urine culture results, the following antibacterial agents are recommended:
- Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid: 12.5–25 mg/kg orally every 8–12 hours
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: 15 mg/kg orally every 12 hours
Natural Defense Factors
Factors that protect the bladder from bacterial colonization include:
- A glycosaminoglycan layer lining the bladder’s transitional epithelium
- Normal urination frequency
- Urethral microflora
- The antimicrobial properties of urine
- Urethral sphincter function
- A proper immune response
- Normal urination frequency
- Urethral microflora
- The antimicrobial properties of urine
- Urethral sphincter function
- A proper immune response
Modern Therapy: ANTICYSTIT from VetSintez
One of the most effective antimicrobial agents for treating a wide range of bacterial and fungal infections is Nitroxoline, a key component of the innovative product “ANTICYSTIT” from VetSintez.
This medication provides combined antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and diuretic action.
Mechanism of Action
Nitroxoline works by:
- Selectively inhibiting bacterial DNA synthesis
- Forming complexes with metal-containing microbial enzymes, preventing interaction with substratesThis results in:
- Bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and fungicidal effects
Nitroxoline is active against a wide range of:
- Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
- Certain fungi
Effective against:
- Staphylococcus spp.,
- Ureaplasma urealyticum,
- Corynebacterium spp.,
- E. coli,
- Salmonella spp.
Safety and Use
Nitroxoline is safe for cats when used at the prescribed dose and frequency.Contraindications:
- Acute heart, renal, or hepatic failure
- If such conditions exist in the medical history, monitor blood biochemistry closely
Possible side effect in rare cases: hypersalivation due to individual sensitivity.
Spasm Relief Component: Drotaverine Hydrochloride
Another key ingredient in “ANTICYSTIT” is Drotaverine hydrochloride, a spasmolytic agent with long-acting myotropic and vasodilatory properties.It relieves smooth muscle spasms of the urinary tract and bladder.Drotaverine is safe for cats, but overdose or sensitivity may lead to hypotension.
Herbal Support for Urinary Health
“ANTICYSTIT” also includes a unique blend of bioactive herbal compounds, such as:
- Flavonoids
- Essential oils
- Tannins
- Vitamins
- Minerals
These plant-based ingredients offer:
- Antiseptic, diuretic, antispasmodic, and anti-inflammatory effects
- Assist in stone removal in urolithiasis
The product is classified as low-toxicity and, when used in recommended doses, does not cause local irritation or sensitization.
Indications for Use
“ANTICYSTIT” is recommended for:
- Acute and chronic inflammatory or infectious urinary tract diseases (cystitis, pyelonephritis, urethritis)
- Urolithiasis (urinary stones)
- Prevention of infection during diagnostic procedures or postoperative care (e.g., after stone removal in cats and dogs)
Dosage and Administration
Available in two tablet forms:
- For pets under 10 kg
- For pets over 10 kgThis allows accurate dosing for individual patients.
Dosage:
- Administer 3 times daily for 7–14 days
- Give with food or place the tablet directly on the tongue root
- After oral administration, nitroxoline is rapidly absorbed and excreted unchanged via the kidneys, resulting in high urinary concentrations
Conclusion
“ANTICYSTIT” is a modern veterinary medication with proven effectiveness against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal urinary tract pathogens, with high safety for use in cats.
Author: Khrystyna Lebedyk, DVMFeline disease specialist, oncologist, endocrinologist
