Description
Powder, light-yellow to yellow-brown in color with a specific smell of components.
Composition
1 g of medication contains active ingredients:
doxycycline hyclate – 250 mg;
colistin sulfate – 2 400 000 IU.
Excipient: tartaric acid and/or citric acid
Pharmacological properties
ATC vet classification code QJ01– veterinary antibacterials for systemic use. QJ01RA95 – Polymyxins, combinations with other antimicrobials.
Doxycycline is a bacteriostatic antibiotic of the tetracycline group. The action of doxycycline is associated with a delay in protein synthesis. Doxycycline blocks the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to the acceptor site, which inhibits attachment of new amino acids to the peptide chain, thus inhibiting protein synthesis. The medication has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus spp., Diplococcus pneumoniaе, Streptococcus spp., Haemophilus influenzae, E. coli, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium tetani, C. perfringens, Listeria monocytogenes, Pasteurella spp., Bordetella bronchiseptica, Entеrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia spp.), as well as micoplasma (Mycoplasma spp.), rickettsia (Rickettsia spp.) and chlamydia (Chlamydia spp.).
Colistin is an antibiotic of the polymyxin group synthesized by the aerobic spore forming bacillus Bacillus polymyxa. It has bactericidal action on Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, Salmo nella spp., Pseudomonas spp.) by binding to phospholipids of the cytoplasmic membrane, enhances its permeability for both internal and extracellular components, resulting in destruction of cell barriers and lysis of the bacterial cell.
Doxycycline is well absorbed after oral administration, its bioavailability is 90%. The presence of feed in the digestive tract does not affect the absorption of doxycycline, unlike other tetracyclines. Doxycycline penetrates well into the tissues of the body and the focus of inflammation, its concentration in the lungs of calves and pigs is approximately twice as high as in blood plasma. Doxycycline is absorbed from the poultry digestive tract by 93-100% and is quickly distributed throughout the body. Its half-life is 10-12 hours for dogs, 4-9 hours – for cattle, 10 hours – for horses, 7 hours – for pigs, 3 hours – for sheep. Doxycycline penetrates almost all organs and tissues, but its greatest level is found in the lungs, liver, bile, reproductive organs and kidneys. Low concentrations of doxycycline are found in the cerebrospinal fluid, but its concentration does not reach its therapeutic level. The maximum concentration in the blood is detected after 2-4 hours, and its therapeutic concentration is held for 18-24 hours. Doxycycline is practically not metabolized and is excreted from the body mainly with bile in the form of inactive complexes and to a lesser extent – with urine.
Colistin is absorbed in small amounts from the digestive tract, therefore it is effective in treating gastrointestinal diseases. Unlike low concentrations of colistin in the blood serum and tissues, its high and constant concentrations are available in various parts of the digestive tract. It is excreted mainly with feces.
Directions for use
Calves agedunder 8 weeks, pigs: treatment of animals with septicemia, respiratory diseases (bronchopneumonia, pleuropneumonia, atrophic rhinitis etc.), gastrointestinal diseases (colibacillosis, salmonellosis), caused by microorganisms sensitive to doxycycline and colistin.
Poultry (broiler chicken, parent stock, rearing flocks, turkeys): treatment of poultry with colibacillosis, salmonellosis, ornithosis, septicemia, and respiratory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to doxycycline and colistin.
Dosage
Oral administration with drinking water or feed in doses:
calves aged under 8 weeks – 2.0 g of the medication per 100 kg of body weight (5 mg of doxycycline and 48,000 IU of colistin sulfate per 1 kg of body weight) twice a day with drinking water, feed, milk or milk replacer within 3-5 days;
pigs – 4.0 g of the medication per 100 kg of body weight (10 mg of doxycycline and 96,000 IU of colistin sulfate per 1 kg of body weight) once a day, or 400 g of the medication per 1000 l of drinking water daily within 3-5 days;
poultry (broiler chicken, parent stock, rearing flocks, turkeys) – 0.8-1.0 g of the medication per 10 kg of body weight per day (20-25 mg of doxycycline and 240,000 IU of colistin sulfate per 1 kg of body weight per day) or 200 g of the medication per 500-1000 l of drinking water daily within 5 days.
To prepare the solution, pour the necessary amount of drinking water, warm, if possible, into a small container and put the medication in small portions stirring continuously, until the powder is completely dissolved. The concentrate thus prepared (ratio: 0.2-0.4 kg of the medication per 10 l of drinking water) is immediately added to the required amount of drinking water in accordance with the norms of water supply for certain age categories of poultry. Fresh solution of the medication shall be prepared daily.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to medications of the tetracycline and colistin groups.
Do not apply simultaneously with antibiotics of the penicillin, cephalosporin, quinolone and cycloserine groups.
Do not apply on animals with severe hepatic and renal impairment.
Do not apply to laying hens, whose eggs are used for human consumption, as well as for ruminants with functionally developed forestomachs.
Precautions
When working with the medication, always use personal protective equipment (respirator, gloves).
First, the medication is tested on a small group (7-8 animals). In case there are no complications for 2-3 days, the medication is used on all livestock.
Do not concomitantly apply with medications containing Mg2+, Al3+, Ca2+ cations, since the latter bind to doxycycline and prevent its absorption.
The medication is not recommended be applied on animals during pregnancy or lactation due to possible neurotoxic effect. The use of the medication is allowed only if it is obvious that the effect of application exceeds the possible negative consequences.
Slaughter of animals for meat is allowed after 8 days (pigs), 7 days (poultry) and 14 days (calves) after the last use of the medication. Meat received before the specified term is disposed of or fed to non-productive animals, depending on the conclusion of the veterinarian.
Pharmaceutical form
Packages of polyethylene film in accordance with GOST 10354 or other polymer film 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 500 g, 1, 20 and 25 kg each.
Polymer containers 100 and 500 g, 1 kg each.
Storage conditions
Dry dark place out of the reach of children, at a temperature of 5 to 25 °C.
Shelf life – 2 years.
Shelf life after first opening of the package is 14 days, if the opened container with the medication is stored at a temperature of 15 to 25 °C in a dry dark place.
Shelf life of the medication after being solved in water is 24 hours.